In observance of International Drug Overdose Awareness Day on 31 August, we shine a spotlight on the importance of addressing the widespread issue of substance abuse in the workplace.
According to Siphumelele Ngcamu, Social Worker and Therapist, and Yandiswa Sifuba, Social Worker and Therapist at Life Health Solutions, substance use can alter an individual’s perception, consciousness, cognition, mood, emotions and actions.
This can lower inhibitions and create significant safety risks for both the individual and their colleagues, as well as impact workplace health and productivity.
In fact, Labour Guide highlights that, in studies conducted by the International Labour Organisation (ILO), employees with alcohol and drug problems had absenteeism rates three times higher than other employees. They also claimed sick benefits three times more frequently and made compensation claims five times more often.
Additionally, 20% to 25% of workplace injuries involved employees under the influence of alcohol, while drugs and alcohol supplied at work contributed to 15% to 30% of all workplace accidents.
Siphumelele and Yandiswa add that substances can be classified into two categories: stimulants and depressants. Stimulants increase cardiovascular and respiratory functions to dangerous degrees, while depressants slow these functions down, also to dangerous levels.
Both types place tremendous strain on the body and can severely impact concentration, leading to absenteeism and interpersonal conflicts, which in turn affect overall workplace productivity and safety.
Key elements of an effective workplace substance abuse policy
Siphumelele and Yandiswa note that an effective workplace substance abuse policy should emphasise zero tolerance, clearly outlining the consequences of violations. Employees should be fully aware of what is expected of them and what they can expect from others.
The policy should detail the testing processes and procedures, including the types of tests and samples required. Circumstantial evidence, such as slurred speech or aggressive behaviour, can be grounds for initiating the testing process. Policies should also stipulate the designated testing centres and resources available for employees.
It’s essential for employers to obtain consent from employees before conducting tests and to be mindful of prescribed drugs that may yield positive results.
According to the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Act 85 of 1993, employees on prescribed medication can continue their duties if the medication does not pose a threat to their health or safety, or to others in the workplace.
Siphumelele and Yandiswa highlight that HR and line managers should be well-versed in these policies to assist employees effectively.
The importance of employee education
Employee education is critical in preventing workplace substance abuse. Many psychoactive drugs, both legal and illegal, are used excessively without individuals recognising the extent of their use.
Siphumelele and Yandiswa further note that education campaigns help employees realistically assess their use of legal and socially acceptable drugs, understand the cycle of addiction, and become aware of warning signs, consequences and treatment options.
Awareness campaigns should aim to de-stigmatise addiction, encouraging employees to seek help before substance use progresses to addiction. Topics to cover in educational programmes include the OHS Act regarding alcohol and drugs, available rehabilitation resources, types of psychoactive drugs, substance abuse triggers, and the cycle of addiction.
Supporting employees through employee assistance programmes (EAPs)
According to wellness technology company Wellable, Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs) play an essential role in supporting employees dealing with substance abuse.
These programmes provide a confidential and safe space for employees to explore their substance abuse triggers and set goals for their well-being.
EAPs also assist companies in raising awareness and educating employees on various topics related to substance abuse.
Organisations should encourage employees to use EAPs without fear of stigma or repercussions by fostering a culture that values mental health.
Managers should be trained to engage employees showing signs of decline in performance or out-of-character behaviour, recommending the EAP as a supportive measure.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) notes that assuring employees of the confidentiality of the programme and that seeking treatment will not jeopardise their jobs can also help alleviate concerns.
Maintaining ongoing education and support
To ensure a long-term impact on workplace safety and health, organisations should participate in national drug and alcohol awareness campaigns and substance abuse awareness weeks.
Providing educational materials and frequent training on substance abuse awareness and prevention can be highly beneficial.
Regular communication on mental health issues that may trigger substance abuse and equipping managers and HR with the necessary skills to support employees are crucial strategies.
Addressing substance abuse in the workplace requires a comprehensive approach involving strict policies, employee education and robust support systems.
By implementing these strategies, organisations can improve workplace safety and health, fostering a supportive environment where employees can prosper.
When accidents happen at work
Are we ever truly prepared for the unexpected? That’s the question we’re asking in the latest episode of our podcast A Better Place of Business.
Jacques Vorster, Health and Safety Manager at MPact, and Bradley Workman-Davies, Director at Werksmans Attorneys, share their insights into the responsibility of business leaders in supporting the physical and mental health of employees.
We'll also explore how to cultivate environments that are not only physically and psychologically safe but economically sustainable, too.
Listen to the full episode on Spotify, iono.fm and Apple Podcasts.
Ready to elevate your holistic well-being journey? Discover more by reaching out via email at hello@lifehealthcare.co.za, calling us at (+27) 86 123 4123 to connect with our dedicated business development managers, or visiting our website today. Life Nkanyisa Recovery Centres provide individually tailored, holistic services to equip the substance abuser with the skills to reintegrate into the community and to remain substance-free. Find out more over here.
